Cold War Exam Ch. 32-33
STUDY GUIDE

CH. 32:
terrorism:  It is the deliberate use of random violence, to get revenge or achieve personal goals.  This was one of the new enduring issues of 1960. 

privatization:  This is the selling of state owned industries to private investors.  Nations hoped that by doing this the private industries would produce higher quality goods therefore helping the country in the long run. 

nonaligned:  This is a choice a state makes to be not allied to either side in a war.  Many new nations made this choice during the Cold War. 

multinational corporation:  These are huge companies with a bunch of branches in a number of countries.  These have invested in the new world and brought many new technologies in agriculture, mining, and transportation. 

liberation theology:  This is the idea of the Church taking a bigger role in helping people to not take the actions that made themselves poor.  In Latin America a lot of Catholic clergy men used this new idea. 

interdependence: This is when a small country is given freedom but still relies on the country that gave them freedom for resources.  This was happening with little countries who wanted their freedom, so basically the countries thought they were free but they still needed their old country to live. 

culture shock: This is when one culture is entirely shocked by one thing.  The entire culture is just devastated from what happened. 

acid rain: This is when toxic pollution comes to earth in the form of rain, snow, or hail.  This was causes by too many polluting power plants and factories. 

effects of Cold War: The Cold War made an ideological split between communist east and the capitalist west.  Also the cold war made many nations poor and in ruin so they relied on economic interdependence. 

why did democracy fail in many new nations?:  It failed in many new antions because it was not pure.  For democracy to work it has to be wanted and some rights can not just be given but all rights are needed to be given. 

majority of world's wealth controlled by ?:  The majority of the world’s weath was controlled by huge corporations.  They held most the money and branched off into different countries which in turn improved the countries economy. 

effect of urbanization in developing nations:  This urbanization lead to things such as better medical care which lead to more people living longer.  In turn this lead to greater poverty because there were not enough goods and money for all these new people living. Not only this but a lot of people could not afford to live in urbanized towns.   

factories effect on environmental damage:  A large amount of factories caused a large amount of pollution in the air.  This pollution then condensed in the air and rained down in the form of a toxic acid. 

factors contibuting to political instability in African nations: Africa wanted interdependence and got it.  This caused them to have no real leader and no real idea how to run a country.  So basically they still depended on the country they were under in the first place. 

 
primary cause of global interdependence:  The primary cause of this is was poverty.  Everyone was poor so countries would almost link up economies to try to make more money. 

global South:  The global south was mainly poor.  These were countries that were underdeveloped such as Africa.  A few countries like Taiwan and Hong Kong made it through oil exports but mostly the south was poor. 

modern technology:  There were many new technologies one of the most amazing being on the space category.  Countries were able to launch things into outer space, they also developed computers, and there were a ton of medical break throughs which helped people to live longer. 

CH. 33
welfare state:  This is when a country act keeps most the ways of a capitalist government but helps out the people more in the social and economic areas.  Thgis was a major goal of the leftist parties. 

glasnost: This means openness.  This was one of the ways that Gorbachev tried to reform his county by having people speak openly of the problems of the country. 

dissident: These are people who spoke out about the government.  Brezhnev would rigorously suppress these people. 

deficit:  This is the gap between what the government spends and what the government takes in through taxes and other things.  In the U.S government spending and tax cuts added greatly to the countries deficit. 

détente:  This is a relaxation of tensions between countries.  In the 1970’s American and Soviet leaders wanted an era of détente and peace. 

Leonid:  He was a leader who rose after Stalin’s time and was a lot like him.  He did many things to take away the rights of the people and make them fear the government like killing and torturing people who spoke bad of the government. 

Brezhnev:  He was a leader who rose after Stalin’s time and was a lot like him.  He did many things to take away the rights of the people and make them fear the government like killing and torturing people who spoke bad of the government. 

Charles de Gaulle: He was the man who established the 5^th republic.  He was a great hero to those who were voters of Algeria. 

Martin Luther King Jr.:  He was a black anti-segregationist.   He believed that one day all black and white people could live together in peace. 

 
Joseph McCarthy:  He was an American senator.  He believed that many American citizens had communist views and charged them with it. 

Margarent Thatcher: She was a woman in charge of the British Conservative party.  She was againt the welfare state and encouraged more government owned businesses.  She also crushed the power of the labor unions. 
perestroika:  This is the reconstruction of the government and the economy.  This was one of the things that Gorbachev did to help reform the Soviet Union. 

service industry: This is an industry that does not produce goods but still has something to give.  One example of this is heath care for instance, they don’t give any goods but they help people when they are ill. 

Mikhail Gorbachev:  He was the leader who rose after Brezhnev.  He hoped to restore his county by opening them up and having them say what is wrong with it so he could change things and also by giving more power to the people to run the market. 

Helmut Kohl:  He was the West German chancellor.  He told bother the Soviet Union and the West that the reunification of Germany would not disrupt the peace. 

Nikita Krushchev:  He was the leader before Brezhnev who denounced all the ways of Stalin.  He actually started to de-Stalinize the Soviet Union which shocked many people. 

Josip Tito: He was the leader of Yugoslavia.  Once he died  the communism in Yugoslavia started to fall and a wave of nationalism tore the country apart and caused civil war. 

Lech Walesa: He was a shipyard worker who started to make his own independent trading union.  This union was called Soliditary. 

reunification of Germany:  East and West Germany finally reunited.  There were some problems thought; some were that the rich Western Germans had to pay to helm rebuild eastern Germany.  There were other economic problems like this. 

goal of separatism in Quebec:  The main goal of this was to isolate the French speaking part of Quebec in Canada.  This did not really work that well. 

result of central economic planning in the Soviet Union:  Central economic planning in the Soviet Union lead to economic disaster.  Such rapid change in the economy lead to more shortages of goods and soaring prices.  

civil war in Yugoslavia:  The civil war started really once Josip Tito died.  Once he died  the communism in Yugoslavia started to fall and a wave of nationalism tore the country apart and caused civil war.